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Exploratory testing
Exploratory testing is an approach to software testing that is concisely described as simultaneous learning, test design and test execution. Cem Kaner, who coined the term in 1993,〔Kaner, Falk, and Nguyen, ''Testing Computer Software (Second Edition)'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1993. p. 6, 7-11.〕 now defines exploratory testing as "a style of software testing that emphasizes the personal freedom and responsibility of the individual tester to continually optimize the quality of his/her work by treating test-related learning, test design, test execution, and test result interpretation as mutually supportive activities that run in parallel throughout the project."〔Cem Kaner, ''(A Tutorial in Exploratory Testing )'', p. 36.〕
While the software is being tested, the tester learns things that together with experience and creativity generates new good tests to run. Exploratory testing is often thought of as a black box testing technique. Instead, those who have studied it consider it a test ''approach'' that can be applied to any test technique, at any stage in the development process. The key is not the test technique nor the item being tested or reviewed; the key is the cognitive engagement of the tester, and the tester's responsibility for managing his or her time.〔Cem Kaner, ''(A Tutorial in Exploratory Testing )'', p. 37-39, 40- .〕
== History ==
Exploratory testing has always been performed by skilled testers. In the early 1990s, ad hoc was too often synonymous with sloppy and careless work. As a result, a group of test methodologists (now calling themselves the Context-Driven School) began using the term "exploratory" seeking to emphasize the dominant thought process involved in unscripted testing, and to begin to develop the practice into a teachable discipline. This new terminology was first published by Cem Kaner in his book ''Testing Computer Software''〔 and expanded upon in ''Lessons Learned in Software Testing''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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